動機
preorder的tree threading
Problem
Given the root of a binary tree, flatten the tree into a linked list:
- The linked list should use the same TreeNodeclass where therightchild pointer points to the next node in the list and theleftchild pointer is alwaysnull.
- The linked list should be in the same order as a pre-order traversal of the binary tree.
Example 1:

Input: root = [1,2,5,3,4,null,6]Output: [1,null,2,null,3,null,4,null,5,null,6]
Example 2:
Input: root = []Output: []
Example 3:
Input: root = [0]Output: [0]
Constraints:
- The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [0, 2000].
- -100 <= Node.val <= 100
Follow up: Can you flatten the tree in-place (with
O(1) extra space)?Sol
class Solution:
    def flatten(self, root: TreeNode) -> None:
        def pre(root,prev):
            if root:
                originRight = root.right
                pro = pre(root.left, root)
                ret = pre(originRight, pro)
                if prev:
                    prev.left, prev.right = None, root
                # 目前最大的node
                if not pro and not ret:
                    return root
                elif not pro or not ret:
                    return [x for x in [pro,ret] if x][0]
                else:
                    return ret
            else:
                return None
        pre(root, None)